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Світ: занепокоєння смертями в Україні

На великих стрімінгах Amazon Prime і Apple TV+ нещодавно вийшов британсько-американський документальний фільм «Україна: життя під російськими атаками» (Ukraine: Life Under Russia's Attack), який авторка закадрового голосу і виконавчий продюсер фільму, голлівудська акторка Кейт Бланшетт виклала для безкоштовного перегляду на своєму акаунті в мережі Х

Ярослав Підгора-Гвяздовський

Фільм «Ukraine: Life Under Russia's Attack» вийшов на екрани. Фото: Frontline PBS

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Два режисери-документалісти, франко-алжирський військовий репортер Мані Ясір Бенчела та італо-австралійський фотограф Патрік Томбола, 55 днів знімали в Харкові — протягом перших трьох місяців повномасштабного вторгнення РФ в Україну, перебуваючи під обстрілами з реальним ризиком загинути. Але як журналісти, вже працюючи 25 років в зонах бойових дій, зокрема, в Сирії, Джакарті, Єгипті, секторі Газа, Латинській Америці тощо, вони розуміли, на що наражаються, бо мали чітке розуміння своєї задачі й обраної концепції — показати величезне місто у вогні, його людей у вогні, причому людей здебільшого російськомовних, з родичами в Росії. Концепція була виправдана і надважлива, адже руйнувала нахабно-брехливий міф, створений загарбниками, — ніби вони рятують російську мову і російськомовних, а насправді ж вбивають їх в прямому та переносному сенсі. Донести цей факт до американського і загалом світового товариства — це було ціллю. 

Прикметно в цьому сенсі те, що фільм у викладі багатьох світових ЗМІ та на найбільшому кіносервері світу IMDB чомусь отримав видозмінену назву, з якої видалили слово «Russia», залишивши нападника на Україну безіменним — «Ukraine: Life Under Attack», таким чином виявляючи досі існуючий страх цивілізації перед російськими варварами з ядерною дубинкою

Без вираження своєї позиції, без декларативності та маніпуляцій, за стандартами журналістики, Бенчела і Томбола показали людей під атаками цих варварів, рухаючись від героя до героя крізь полум’я руйнації та смерть людей на вулицях та в їхніх будинках. Для початку журналісти знаходять пожежника Романа, який разом з родиною живе на пожежній станції. У перервах між виїздом до чергового палаючого об’єкта, він, добре знаючи англійську, спроможний доступно пояснити, що «Путін — це фак», «життя — це життя», а він вже поховав 40 своїх друзів-пожежників.

Герой фільму — пожежник Роман. Фото: пресматеріали

Далі камера переходить до цих зруйнованих багатоповерхівок на сумнозвісному харківському районі Салтівка, чиї обвуглені місця від влучань снарядів, немов чорні очі мерців, мають залишитися у пам’яті всіх глядачів. Під стінами цих бетонних портретів смерті ходить наступний герой, віднайдений режисерами, беззубий Сергій. Він втратив руку (може, і зуби також) під час прильоту в його дім, був витягнутий з-під завалів пожежниками (чи парамедиками) і тепер живе в укритті разом з десятками інших — як і він, вимушених безхатьків. Іноді приходить до свого дому-скелету, піднімається на поверх-поперек, заходить в квартиру з роззявленим ротом пройомів без вікон, знаходить в купі подрібненої цегли горнятко і згадує, як пив з нього чай.

Можливо, його спасла й парамедикиня Тетяна, до якої наступним кроком переноситься камера, це вже не встановити в хаосі щоденних обстрілів і масового безпам’ятства. Тетяна їде туди, куди скажуть, і рятує тих, кого може. Іноді вона стабілізує повернутого до життя після прильоту, але в госпіталі той віддає Богу душу. Бо прохання доньки пораненого батька — «спасите отца!» — не завжди реально втілити. Російськомовних харків’ян росіяни вбивають так само безапеляційно, як і всіх решта.

Колись 1,5-мільйонний бурхливий Харків тепер завмер у своїй безлюдності доріг та вулиць. Тисячі й тисячі людей вибравши чи не вибираючи залишитися, тепер перемістилися під землю, на станції метро, що виглядає мов пекельний паноптикум

На колії — зупинений потяг з постійно відкритими дверима; на пероні — сотні ліжок, ковдр і матраців; повсюдно — термоси і банки з водою, висять рушники; палатки, клітки з папугами, відра, пси і навіть пральні машини, певно, до яких ще не встигли дотягтися руки росіян-мародерів... 

Кадри зі знімального майданчику. Фото: Frontline PBS

86-річний стариган Віталій розважає людей грою на гітарі й російськомовними піснями про циган, а 10-річна дівчинка Віка розказує про страх, додаючи, що знає — навколо війна, але при цьому не розуміє, чому... На 11-му році війни вона не знає, чому іде війна. Їй ніхто нічого не говорив. Можливо, її батьки теж не знають. Це певним чином режисери підтверджують кадрами з іншого місця, з бомбосховища, де люди, ніби нічого не сталося, подовжують дивитися радянські фільми про війну, дивуючись війні росіян і мотивуючи свій подив фразою «так наші же деди вместе ваєвалі, абідна»...

Чи зрозуміють люди, що сталося, чому почалася війна і що треба змінити в майбутньому, аби такого не сталося знову? — режисери на це не відповідають, бо відповідати на питання не є їхньою задачею

Вони лише фіксують реальність, щоб глядач задумався. Якщо здатен задуматися. Фільм «Україна: життя під російськими атаками» — це лише фіксація Харкова навесні 22-го року, документація українців в момент їхньої життєвої катастрофи, жаху і болю.

Пізніше, через 8 місяців, режисери повернулися до своїх героїв, і зняли своєрідний епілог, коли росіян було відкинуто від Києва, а захоплення Харкова не відбулося. Люди наважилися покинути харківське метро і вийти на світ Божий. Безрукий Сергій досі ходить на руїни свого дому. Роман переїхав з родиною до Німеччини. А музикант Віталій змінив гітару на баян, продовжуючи грати російськомовні пісні в метро, вже позбавленого ліжок і людей: його мрією є забути ті спогади, які має з перших місяців війни, він хоче це забути і жити тепер з новими думками. На момент цього епілогу, на початок 23-го року, всі вони, герої фільму, ще не знали, що війна продовжуватиметься надалі, і Харків обстрілюватимуть ще страшніше, вже ракетами та КАБами.

Зйомки документального фільму. Фото: Frontline PBS

P.S. Фільм був створений у 2022-23 роках на замовлення британського телеканалу Channel 4 Television і американської програми Служби суспільного мовлення Frontline PBS, тої самої, яка продюсувала «20 днів у Маріуполі» Мстислава Чернова і Євгена Малолєтки, в подальшому лауреата премії Американської кіноакадемії «Оскар» за кращий документальний фільм року.

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Журналіст, кінокритик, сценарист. Друкувався у понад 60 журналах, газетах та інтернет-сайтах. Опублікував понад 3 тисячі матеріалів. Був редактором відділу «кіно» в журналі «ШО», в журналі «Кіно Дайджест» був головним редактором, як і в українському представництві міжнародного журналу Total Film. 2015 року започаткував фестиваль «Тиждень кіновоскресіння Розстріляного відродження» (за фінансової підтримки Держкіно). 2018-го року брав участь у створенні Спілки кінокритиків України, фестивалю «Тиждень кінокритики», а пізніше — у створенні премії Спілки кінокритиків «Кіноколо». 2021 року був співтворцем Коростенського фестиваль вуличного кіно. 2020 року написав сценарій до повнометражного ігрового фільму військового екшну «Право на помсту» (у співпраці з Юлею Чернявською), а 2021 року — сценарій до повнометражного ігрового фільму кримінального еротичного трилеру «Ключі від пекла і від раю». Член Спілки кінокритиків України, Української кіноакадемії, Спілки журналістів України.

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Lyuba Shipovich drones UAV

Lyuba Shipovich had been living in the United States since 2008, but after the beginning of the full-scale war, she returned to Ukraine. Lyuba is a co-founder of the «Razom for Ukraine» public organisation, and since 2023, the founder of the «Dignitas» charitable foundation, which takes care of military and veteran projects, including providing the army with UAVs and training drone operators. Last year, Shipovich was listed in the TOP 50 Ukrainian female leaders according to Forbes magazine.

Drones for the frontlines

Nataliia Zhukovska: Lyuba, the main area of your work is unmanned technologies: surveillance and combat drones. What is the real situation with military units being provided with UAVs today?

Lyuba Shipovich: It is about technology in general. Apart from unmanned vehicles, there is also software, situation awareness, combat control systems etc. As for the drone supply, the state is now buying them. Yes, not yet in a sufficient amount but they started doing it. However, we still lack the infrastructure for these drones. I am talking about antennas, ground control stations, portable power stations, tablets, 3D printers for explosive components of air-dropping systems. Unfortunately, this whole infrastructure is not funded by the state at all at the moment. The funding comes either from foundations or the units raise the money for this themselves.

The drone does not fly by itself. There also have to be glasses, RCs, antennas, charging devices, tablets, retranslators

What has to be done to ensure there are enough drones on the frontlines?

If we compare 2022, when there were no drones at all, to the situation now, it is significantly better. According to the prime minister, 40 billion hryvnias have been dedicated to purchasing unmanned systems this year. This already is an improvement. But it is not enough. When the President is talking about a million drones, it sounds like a lot. In reality, however, we calculated that such an amount would only be sufficient for three months in today’s frontline and combat intensity. Therefore, a million - is, in essence, a fourth part of the yearly demand.

We are engaged in an intense war, the largest drone war in the world in the history of humanity. Moreover, due to the frequent lack of ammunition, drones often replace artillery. Western countries were not prepared for a large-scale land war. NATO's doctrine is to gain air superiority. However, we are conducting a large-scale land war. Even the combined NATO countries cannot supply it with enough ammunition. On one hand, they lack the capacity, on the other hand, political and bureaucratic processes are an obstacle. We cannot rely solely on the help of our Western allies.

We must invest in our own production. And what we are doing quite well is primarily the production of unmanned technologies
With the Ukrainian military

It is known that Ukraine still depends on China for some components necessary for drone production. And last year, the Chinese already imposed certain export restrictions. How do you assess the risk that at some point they might completely «tighten the screws»?

We need to look for alternatives. China is the cheapest and largest manufacturer, but fortunately, not a monopolist. There are other manufacturers in Central Asian countries. Factories are also being built in Europe and the USA. And, of course, we need to pay enormous attention to localising the production of components. We should produce in Ukraine everything that can be produced here, even if it is more expensive. Because during the war, the cost is not evaluated purely based on the economic factor. There is also the factor of national security. Currently, there are several hundred stable productions in Ukraine. However, very few of them scale up production capacities because they do not have guarantees that orders will be consistent.

The state should enter into medium- to long-term contracts with manufacturers for procurement. If the contract is at least three years, it will be of interest to the manufacturer to invest in their business

This is probably the biggest problem. And if we talk about manufacturers in European countries, they generally want 8- to 10-year contracts. After all, these are capital investments in production lines, expansion of facilities, and so on.

Lyuba, you have been involved in volunteer work since 2014. It was then that the charitable foundation «Razom for Ukraine» was established in the United States. You are one of its co-founders. Since February 24, over the course of a year, you have managed to raise 68 million dollars. How did you achieve that?

Over 60 per cent of the funds came from small donations from people, mostly Americans and Canadians. They contributed 10, 20, 100 dollars to help the Ukrainian army. There were also corporate donations. Up to ten corporations donated 1 million dollars each. These were quite well-known companies worldwide that often wished to remain anonymous. I attribute this level of activity among foreigners to the fact that, at that time, Ukraine was at the top of all the news. It was a natural impulse to help in the fight against injustice.

It is also important to understand the American culture, where volunteerism is instilled from a young age. It is an integral part of life. There are even special days of the year, such as Giving Tuesday, that unite people to help each other. Currently, this support has decreased significantly, partly because Ukraine has disappeared from the news. Last December, I travelled to the United States, where Americans asked me, «Is there still a war going on?» If it is not shown in the news, it seems like it is over. But it is the same as Ukrainians not knowing what is happening in other countries. For example, in December, an important news story was about Venezuela. But if you ask Ukrainians what happened there, many would say, «Where is that?» When something is not in the news, it feels like it does not exist.

Support from the «Dignitas» charitable foundation

Last year, the team that worked on military and veteran projects within «Razom for Ukraine» separated into a new foundation called Dignitas. Why did this happen?

Out of the 68 million dollars that we managed to raise during the first year of the full-scale war, 45 million went to support the military. Specifically, this included the purchase of tactical medicine, drones, radios, power stations and so on. Meanwhile, the organisation also had humanitarian programs. Towards the end of 2022, discussions began about reducing military aid and redirecting more funds towards support and rebuilding efforts. At that time, I was the only board member based in Ukraine - all others were in the United States.

I tried to convey to people that it was still too early to focus on rebuilding Ukraine and that investment in defence was necessary. Because if we do not destroy the Russian tank, it will continue to wipe our cities off the map. Consequently, the rebuilding would become a never-ending process

It was at this stage that certain differences began to emerge. It became increasingly difficult to advocate that the funds were needed specifically for the military. After consulting with my team, we decided to separate into a new foundation, where it is clearly stated in the charter that we are a foundation for technological assistance to the security and defence forces, as well as veterans. We started again with zero dollars in our account.

Who forms the «core» of your team?

All those who had worked with us on military and veteran projects since 2014. The largest initiative, «Victory Drones», is led by Mariya Berlinska. It is an ecosystem for training the military in technology, specifically drone operators for the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU), the State Emergency Service of Ukraine (SES), and medical services in cooperation with the General Staff. There is also the «Fierce Birds» project, which supplies strike drones to the front line. It is led by Katya Nesterenko, who had worked for many years in the «Isolation» project and is very knowledgeable and understanding of the Donetsk region.

During military technology training

There is a project called «A Thousand Drones», which primarily focuses on reconnaissance drones. For example, in the United States, we are not allowed to raise funds for strike drones. Therefore, we have split the fundraising efforts: we collect funds for strike drones in Ukraine and for reconnaissance drones abroad.

There is also the «Fly» project, within which military personnel in rehabilitation departments are taught to operate FPV drones. This project is led by Dana Yurovich, who had previously worked for many years with the Ministry of Health team under Ulana Suprun (acting Minister of Health of Ukraine from 2016 to 2019) and on various international projects. In the tenth year of the war, volunteering needs to be professional. Yes, there were periods when everyone was doing everything when tourniquets and drones were bought indiscriminately and without understanding. But in reality, such an approach is an inefficient use of financial resources, which are already quite limited. Everyone should focus on their area of expertise.

For example, everyone knows that they need to buy a Mavic drone. However, not all understand that there is a whole line of them with different characteristics and firmware. As a result, people spend money on the Mavic 3 Classic, which is often unsuitable for use on the frontlines. But if a little more money were added, another drone could be purchased that would definitely be useful. There have even been cases where drones were bought and handed over to the military without being reprogrammed, and without anonymised firmware, they revealed positions. So, sometimes it is not just wasteful, it can be harmful to the military. That is why we do not get involved in other areas. Our focus is on technology.

For a long time, you were involved in advocating for weapons for Ukraine. What was the most challenging part, and did Western politicians always listen to you?

I continue to do this work even now. Our American team regularly communicates with congressmen and attends meetings. This work does not stop. In 2022, it was challenging to convince American politicians that Ukraine would hold out. If you recall that period, what kind of weapons was Ukraine being given? It was Javelins and Stingers - not for waging war, but for guerrilla warfare. Only in May 2022, when it became clear that Ukraine was indeed ready to fight, did they start providing heavier weapons for conventional military operations. So, until the middle of 2022, it was a matter of simply convincing them that we could and would endure, that we did not need to surrender Ukraine along the Dnipro or agree to any peace deals.

We have shown that we are ready to fight. The Western politicians and voters believed in us
In Donbas

What do we need to do to prevent the weakening of support from Europe and the United States?

It seems to me that Ukraine has disappeared from the news in the United States. We are not acting proactively. Look at Russia, which has been developing a network of television channels around the world for over 20 years. They broadcast in different languages - Arabic, Spanish, English, French, German, and others - meaning they generate their own content. In addition, they have a whole series of entertainment programs. They attract viewers' attention with these, and then they broadcast news between them. And what kind of news do the Russians broadcast about Ukraine? The ones that benefit them.

Where does the Western consumer get information about Ukraine? Either from the infrequent news in Western media or from Russian TV channels. We need to pay more attention to the information space and understand that foreign consumers consume information in their own language. Not Ukrainian and not always English. There is a huge Spanish-speaking world that we do not pay attention to, and the Arab world, where we also have very little information. And to gain support in those countries from politicians, we first need to gain it from their voters.

Why are there political bargaining and debates in America right now? Ukraine is a bargaining chip because voters do not have a clear opinion about us. If all voters wanted to support Ukraine, it could be guaranteed that politicians would do the same. Because they listen to their voters, especially in America, where congressional elections are held every two years. It is a relatively short election cycle, so voters are listened to constantly. Moreover, our politicians often use Western media to fight among themselves. And it is important to understand that this does not benefit us either.

When Western consumers see our internal political games, they think the war is over because local politicians are competing with each other

The major goal of the state is Ukraine's accession to NATO. This would be the greatest security guarantee for the country. Do you believe in NATO, where everyone defends each other?

I have spoken with Poles on this topic quite a bit. They are confident that they will be the next target of the Russian Federation. But when you ask them if they would go to defend their country, the response is: «Why would we? We are in NATO, the Americans will come to protect us». That is the classic answer. They do not understand that the primary responsibility is to defend their own country. And this collective NATO agreement is not about sitting back while someone else comes to fight for you. It means that we all defend each other together.

Lyuba Shipovich: «Currently, only one country in the world can resist Russia - Ukraine»
In my opinion, Russia will not go into Poland next, but into the Baltic countries. And I think that Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians understand this very well. They also understand that they must rely on their own forces. That is why they are actively preparing

For instance, they are conducting training for the population. When we talk about NATO countries, we think of a strong, powerful army. However, the Alliance does not have experience in conducting land wars. Right now, many of our military personnel are undergoing training abroad, and even NATO generals admit that they can learn more from Ukrainians than vice versa. Because currently, there is only one country in the world that can resist Russia - and that is Ukraine. Only we have the experience of resisting such a powerful aggressor. So if NATO sees Russia as an enemy, they are definitely interested in having Ukraine as, if not a member, at least a strong ally.

Photos from a private archive

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«We are in the biggest drone war in all history of humankind», - a philanthropist Lyuba Shipovich

Nataliia Zhukovska
war, military

One of the most famous American generals, who has been acting as Senior Advisor of the American organisation Human Rights First since 2022, has diagnosed the situation of the West, Russia and Ukraine in the context of the war that has been going on for over two and a half years now in a Times Radio interview during a recent NATO summit.

What Russians are capable of

Hodges believes Russia has little space left for manoeuvring, as it can no longer lead Ukraine out of the war. Russian commanders and politicians with Putin as their leader, not caring about their soldiers, will continue sentencing thousands of others to death and disabilities day by day.

«Although, I do not think this will last infinitely, - the officer assesses. - Their human resources are limited. Even if we do not take the sanctions and their ability to transport oil seriously, I do not know if they will manage to hold on for two more years - also due to the lack of human resources and necessary components».

In the general’s opinion, the West will play a crucial role in accelerating Russia’s collapse if it takes the economic tools that have long been at its disposal seriously

At the moment, Russia is «doing what it can, waiting for us to let go of it and hoping that the potential Trump administration will make life easier for it». And this is approximately everything it can afford right now.

General Ben Hodges. Photo: press materials

Putin: calculations of a bad man

In Hodges's eyes, Putin is a highly intellectual person, though simultaneously evil, merciless and such that does not care for anything but keeping power. His hopes for Trump’s possible victory are well-known: he is hoping that the USA will stop supporting Ukraine and force it to sign a peace treaty on Russian terms. On the other hand, if Biden wins [read as: the Democratic party candidate, as the interview has been taken before the President of the USA withdrew from the presidential race - Edit.], Putin will act by the already familiar plan: continued acts of diversion in Western countries and intensified disinformation that is expected to undermine the trust of the free countries’ citizens in their leaders and democratic institutions.

Biden’s policy: «catching arrows»

Hodges admires Biden’s recent promises to send more anti-aircraft equipment to Ukraine: this is significant support that measures up to the real needs of Ukrainians defending themselves. But this only solves a part of the problem. «Killing the archer is much more effective than catching all the arrows he is shooting, - the general points out. - This support package helps catch more arrows but it does not in any way help kill the archer».

From the officer’s words, the Biden administration continues to impose a «terrible policy», according to which Ukraine can not attack Russian bases in Russia using, for example, the American ATACMS systems. In practice, this policy gives Russia protection for it to commit attacks on Ukrainian cities. Yes, the general is glad to see more «Patriots» and ATGMs but it still is not enough. «I do not know what has to happen for the White House to address supporting Ukraine in defeating Russia seriously. Putin sees that we are not doing everything that is needed. He still has a big buyer of his gas, India, therefore until we start seriously helping Ukraine defeat Russia, Russians will keep on bombing Ukraine», - he warns.

Excessive fear and virtual guarantees

Hodges would like to believe that, as allies and President Zelenskyy himself say, Ukraine’s path into NATO is truly irreversible. «The issue is that there is no movement on this path», - he says. Many politicians at the summit in Switzerland contemplated what they could do about it but nothing in this chatter seems to lead to imminent and irreversible decisions. Whose opinion is that? The USA’s and Germany’s, that continue to obstruct this question, being guided by excessive fear of Russia using nuclear weapons. «Until this excessive fear is conquered, nothing will change for the better», - the general says.

- What guarantees can NATO give Ukraine and how can it strike Russia diplomatically if it can not offer Ukrainians membership right now?

Although Hodges does not imply it directly, it can be understood from his words that in this situation - there are none. As there is no 100 per cent confidence that Ukraine will join NATO. Considering that the Budapest Memorandum of 1994 [in which the USA, Great Britain and Russia guaranteed Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity in exchange for it becoming a non-nuclear-weapon state - Edit.] turned out to be an empty obligation - Hodges is not sure that the next similar commitments will be more trustworthy.

Soldiers of the 42nd brigade of the Ukrainian army checking their weapons for fighting Russian drones in the Kharkiv region, Ukraine, June 24th 2024. Photo: Pablo Miranzo/Anadolu/ABACAPRESS.COM

If the West fails again

The general puts all his hope into the understanding of many countries that Ukraine can not lose, that it has to win because its defeat would be a catastrophe for the whole Europe and therefore for the world as well. Because if it were to happen, the following millions of Ukrainian refugees would end up in Poland and Germany, and tens of thousands of Ukrainian soldiers would be forcefully enlisted in the Russian army, increasing its potential.

If the USA fails - be it because of a new party in power (Trump’s party) or any other reason, fails because of not having done what is needed, - the threat to Europe would not diminish but increase

In any case, it would not be surprising if the USA and more - the so-called collective West, do not live up to the expectations. In the last decade, both failed many times. «In 2008, when Russia invaded Georgia, we did nothing. The same way, when Russians crossed the lines drawn by President Obama in Syria and when they invaded Ukraine in 2014», - Hodges points out. It is not unnatural that in 2021 preparing the invasion, and in 2022 performing it, Putin assumed that the West’s anger would not amount to anything once again.

Reanimate the deterrence

The American also lists some other shocking signs of the West’s weakness that convinced Putin he was right: the Trumpist attack on Capitol Hill on January 6th 2021, the chaotic extraction of American troops from Afghanistan, Germany’s inability to stop the construction of «Nord Stream-2» despite the Russian annexation of Crimea and a significant portion of the Donetsk and Lugansk regions, President Macron’s statements about the «NATO’s brain death».

«You can imagine that amid all this the Kremlin thought: «Let’s finish this», - Hodges comments.

The war in Ukraine broke out because the deterrence failed. Therefore, it should be renewed because the world is an interconnected system. The USA’s economic flourishing, the USA President’s advisor on human rights points out, depends on the flourishing of Europe, and it is impossible if the Old Continent lacks stability and security.

Working visit of the President of Ukraine and the First Lady to the USA to take part in the proceedings of the 75th NATO summit. Photo: press materials

«If we help Ukraine defeat Russia, this will enable us to isolate Iran, and then North Korea, which will, subsequently, deter China. Because the Chinese will see that the West has political will, industrial potential and military capabilities», - Hodges states. The defeat of Russia also is the West’s only serious protection from isolationist Trump’s coming to power.And if Ukraine does lose, the danger of China coming to «scary decisions» will rise swiftly.

When Putin falls from the cliff

How soon the Russians reach the turning point of this war and for how long Putin will keep in power depends on the dictator’s closest associates. Because he only answers to them - the oligarchs and the closest Kremlin members, not the parliament, voters or journalists who ask uncomfortable questions on behalf of those voters, as it is in any normal country. So when these people understand that there is no longer a chance for Russia to win, they will «push Putin off of a cliff and dispose of him».

Yes, the Kremlin dictator has no serious reasons to believe he will lose yet. But the day he does will be the beginning of his end

Translation: Anastasiya Kanarska

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